Control mechanism



Nov. 19, 1946. E, sABALLUs ETAL CONTROL MECHANISM Filed Jan. 5, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet l um. RS,

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CONTROL MECHANI SM Filed Jan. 5, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 19, 1946,

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BY darl W c f, www@ Patented Nov. 19, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT UFFICE CONTROL MECHANISM Erwin Saballus and Carl W. Fischer, Chicago,

AIll., assignors to The Powers Regulator Com-v pany, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application January 5, 1944, Serial No. 517,026 (C1. 236-87) 13 Claims. 1

This invention pertains l'to a thermostat and, more particularly, to an air stream thermostat for use in controlling the temperature of air delivered t0 an enclosure,

In the old type of air stream thermostat, there is a rlxed relation between the change of temperature and the `change in control pressure (this ratio being called sensitivity), for example, for a one degree change Yin temperature there is a set, vor fixed change in the pressure which cannot be Varied for that degree without changing the construction of the thermostat. In other words, after the installation of the device an adjustment cannot be made in the eld. This is, of course, very disadvantageous, because the control cannot then be accurate. The temperature cannot be steadily maintained and, consequently, va fluctuation in temperature occurs.

In devices of this character the control member gives only very small movements, that is, for a one degree change the `control member, for example, may move only one and one half ten thousandths of an inch. The old devices made use of a control operating through a lever, a linkage, or a yoke, and, consequently, the control valves did not operate for a one degree change in temperature, as lost motion occurred in the linkage or lever, lor bending occurred in the yoke. In the old device a lever Vwas desirable to operate the valve, as otherwise enough motion could not be attained to close the valve, as the resilience of the lever was xed, the sensitivity Was fixed, whereas in the present device an object is to provide adjusting means which increases the sensitivity.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the sensitivity of the thermostat may be adjusted after installation without having to change the construction of the thermostat.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a thermostat wherein the range of sensitivity is adjustable.

Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat which is inexpensive to make and can be readily substituted `for the old form of .thermostat in existing installations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat utilizing an Invar or like rod in the control means, which rod causes actuation of the control valves.

`Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat wherein the operation is only by compression or tension, that is, all beams, levers and yokes are omitted so that not only can it be made 4more cheaply and accurately, and with less 55 parts, but all bending or lost motion in the parts is eliminated.

Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat which can be made as a very small unit, which is `advantageous in that in some installations there is not much room for the mounting ofthe device.

Another object of the invention is to provide a thermostat wherein when there is no temperature change no air is being used from the compressor, thereby eliminating noise and the wear and tear on the compressor.

Another object of the invention is to provide Va thermostat wherein the points of application of the pressure to the valves or other control parts, due to temperature change, is in line with the operating member (Invar rod) whereby any change in `temperature causes an immediate operation of the control valves so that there will always be a response without delay for small temperature changes.

Another object of the invention is to provide -a -thermostat which prevents cycling. For example, there will not be large or many changes in the steam valve which is controlled by the thermostat, so that the steam coil will not be overheated and underheated in the air supply duct, which happens where a thermostat of fixed sensitivity is used. The increased sensitivity of the present device and the fact that it can be adjusted prevents this cycling from occurring.

VWith these and various other objects in view, the invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation -as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specication, drawings and claims appended hereto.`

In the drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a fragmentary sectional elevation through a form of duct thermostat embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a plan View, partly in section, of the control end lof the duct thermostat, the same being taken substantially inthe plane as indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view, partly in section, of the control end of the ,duct thermostat showing the throttlng' spring, the view being taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 3--3 of Fig-ure 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the supply and exhaust valve assembly;

yvalve seat 49 in the chamber 38.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the throttling spring assembly;

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation taken substantially in the plane as indicated in line 6 6 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is an end elevation, looking toward the top, of the throttling spring assembly illustrated in Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic representation of one form of installation of the thermostat shown in Figure 1;

and the dial 82 is xedly mounted to the bushing and cap. In the construction shown the calibrations indicated on the dial are each for 5 F. and

' by loosening screw 83 the position of the dial Figure 9 is an elevation of a room thermostat used in the form of installation (and others) illustrated in Figure 8; Y

Figure 10 isA an enlarged sectional side elevai tion of the room thermostat shown in Figure 9;

and

Figure 11 is an enlarged sectional elevation of I land to the inner Invar rod 24 as at 26. A reinforcing tube 28 may be provided in the tube 28 adjacent the base mounting. The tube 28 is made-pressure tight and the rod 24 is provided vwith the guide or bearing portion 38 extending through a complementary guide and spring seat 32 provided in the base mounting.

The base mounting is provided with a supply fitting 34 (S) which is adapted to be connected toa Vsource of pressure supply and communicates with a channel or passage 36 which communicates with the supply valve chamber 38. 'Ihe base mounting is also provided with a control pressure fitting 48 (R) adapted to be connected to control means such as a steam valve (Figure 11), and said tting communicates with the channel Vor passage 42 which in turn communicates with the diaphragm chamber 44. The supply and exhaust valve body 46 is threaded as at 48 to the base mounting and provides a supply The supply valve 58 is urged toward seated position by means of a spring 52 disposed in said chamber 38, the

spring being seated at one end at the seat 32 and at the other end on the spring seat 54 which floats or is loosely mounted on the operating stem 56 which is threadably secured as at 51 to the bearing portion 30 at its inner end, its outer end being secured as at 58 to the dial bushing 68.

A resilient seal washer 62 is interposed between the' spring seat 54 and the valve 58 and the spring 52 tends to cause the seal washer to seize fthe stem 56 whereby leakage of the air in cham- The dial-bushing68`is 'provided with a cap88 and member 68 can be changed so that as high as 500 F. and as low as 100 F. can be operative to affect the thermostat. The dial calibrations, which may be marked numerically, are read against the fixed indicator member 84 iixedly supported on the ring 18 as at 86.

The dial is provided with the shoulders 88 and y98 adapted to be moved to engage the stop 92' which may be conveniently provided on the square headed screw 94. When the dial is moved between the shoulders, threads 51 cause the stem 56 to move with respect to member 24 and consequently to cause bushing 68 to move toward the right or left as viewed in Figure 1. This then determines how far bushing 68 must be moved before it affects the throttling spring assembly 96.

The square headed screw 94 is provided with the throttling spring assembly 86 adapted to be rotated thereby. The throttling spring assembly is provided with the spring holder 98 which is riveted or otherwise secured as at |88 to the tops of the top and bottom throttling springs |82 and |84, said throttling springs being provided with the aligned cut-out portions |86 embracing the operating stem 56 whereby the springs may be readily moved between two positions by the screw 94.

The dial bushing 68 is provided with the boss |88 which overlies the spring |82 transversely of the slot |86 and nut 18 overlies the slot |06 vof spring |84, whereby movement of the bushing 68 toward the right as viewed in Figure 1, causes deflection of the springs, or in the event the spring assembly has been rotated in a counterclockwise direction as Viewed in Figure l, so that the boss |88 and nut 18 overlies the top or solid part of the springs and holder, compression of the top of the assembly is caused. When the spring assembly is rotated counter-clockwise to the solid position, the laction of the device becornes positive, whereas when it is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 2, the action becomes gradual. A cover l I8 may be applied to the base mounting, said cover not being air tight but preventing unauthorized tempering with the setting members and also preventing dirt and grease from entering the mechanism.

In Figure 8 there is shown, more or less diagrammatically, an application of the duct thermostat described. In this application the wall or room thermostat |38 (Figures 8, 9 and 10) is used to control the temperature of a space, for example a room, which receives its fresh air through duct |I2. Room thermostat |38 is normally set, for example at 75 F., and the duct thermostat assembly above described is set at 65 F. to prevent air colder than this temperature to enter the room and cause drafts. In Figure 8 a duct |I2 is shown wherein a blower ||4 is mounted propelling the air in the direction of the arrow, that is, to the right as viewed in said gure. Normally open steam control valve |I6 is connected through piping ||8 to'a steam inlet and is connected to the heating coils |28 mounted in said duct, the steam flowing in the direction of the arrow.

AThe steam control valve IIS is part of the steam control valve assembly 39 shown in Figure 11 and the valve comprises the valve body I8| provided with the seat |83 for valve dise |85, which control flow from pipe I|8 connected at |81, to

coils y|29':onnected at |09. Valve `stem l|lcon nected to the disc |95 extends through stuffing boxl i3 and is Yoperated by the Sylphon or bellows |15 of the control member or motor |24. Spring |1|1 urges thefdisc |95 toward open position and the bellows is Aenclosed in casing H9 which is adapted -to `be supplied with `an under pressure from pipe |25 which is connected as at |2| t0 the casing support 23 provided on the valve casing.

Beyond `the steam coils |20 the duct thermostatassembly above described-'is'mounted as `at |22, theflange i4 being secured to the duct-and the `tube 29 being `disposi-2d in said duct. The boss 49 ofthe base mounting is connected to the valve control or control motor |24 by `means of the piping |25 and the boss 34 is connected through the piping `|23 to the wall-thermostat 'l 39, the wall thermostat being `connected through the piping 4| 32 to the sourceof pressure supply (which is normally fifteen pounds).

The room thermostat |39 is provided with the usual controls whereby the piping |32 may be selectively connected or disconnected from the piping |28, vdepending on the setting of said wall thermostat. In -Figures 9 and 10 the room thermostat |39 is Villustrated comprising the base I 33 provided with the temperature adjustment member |35 adapted to be rotated for adjustment and provided with the index |31 readable against the scale |39, The member |35 is provided with the shaft 4| threadedA into the base |33 so that rotation of the shaft also causes reciprocation thereof. The disc lever |43 ineiect is pivoted to the base and the lower leg |45 is adapted to be moved by the shaft |4| thereby moving the upper leg |41 which is adapted to engage and affect the expanson of the vapor disc |49. The harmonizing screw |5| determines the eilective pivot of the lever l|43 b y movinglever |43 slightly. Spring |53 urges the leg |41 toward the right as viewed in Figure 10 and consequently tends to compress the disc |49 between the leg |41 and the exhaust port seat assembly |55. Assembly |55 is provided with the diaphragm |51 secured to extension |59 of the base and the assembly is provided with the exhaust valve seat 16| and exhaust outlet |63 to the atmosphere. -Exhaust valve |65 is adapted to control the outlet 4| 93 and is urged toward open position by spring |51. Diaphragm |51 with the extension |59 forms an exhaust valve chamber |69 communicating with passage i 1| which is connected to pipe |28 (Figure 8). Extension |59 is also provided with the supply valve seat |13 interposed between supply valve chamber |15 and passage |11 communicating with chamber |69. Supply valve |19 controls the seat |13 and is urged toward closed position by spring l8| but said valve is provided with extension |83 contacting Valve |55 whereby when the disc |49 moves diaphragm |51 toward the right in Figure l0, valve |19 is opened. The supply chamber |15 communicates with passage |85 which in turn is connected t'o the supply line |32 (Figure 8).

Thus assuming that the room thermostat |39 (Figures 9 and 10) is setfor 75 F. and the duct thermostat |22 is set for 65 F., if the temperature at the room thermostat |30 rises above `'75 Ffthepressure line |32 is connected to line |28 as the vapor disc |49 will expand, moving the exhaust valve seat assembly |55 toward the right, as viewed in Figure 10, causing the valve |65 to open the valve |19. Line |28 will be connected to'line |26, causingthe .airpressure to tend to collapse, the bellows ||5 moving the valve disc |95 to closedposition. *If the; temperature. at roomfthermostat |3|J`rgoes below 75? F., for example, due -to the cooling of Vcoils |20 as they are cut off from the source of heat supply, the supply val-ve of the room thermostat-closes inasmuch as the disc |49 will contract permitting the assembly |55 to move toward the left as viewed i-n Figure 1:0, whereupon thespring |8| will close the supply valve |19. The pressure will then drop at the bellows H5, and the valve disc |05 will open, due to the resiliency of the bellows |5 and the spring l1.

It is understood, of course, that the control at this duct thermostat is inoperative for so long as the air temperature in the duct is above 65 F. If the air temperature in the duct is above 65 F., an expansion of the outer tube 29 occurs. Then, inasmuch as the rod 24 does not expand, it is moved toward the right as viewed in Figure l causing the inlet valve 59 to be opened against the spring 52 but the exhaust valve 94 will remain closed as he dial bushing 99 will be moved toward the -right and consequently diaphragm 14 and valve body 68 will be moved toward the right. Inasmuch as the valve -50 is open, air under pressure will be permitted to ilow from the source of supply through the passage 38 into the supply valve chamber 33, past the valve 59 into the diaphragm chamber 44, tending to move the diaphragm 14 toward the left as viewed in Figure 1. Air under pressure will also lflow through the passage 42 to the piping |25 to tend to close the valve HG by applying pressure to the control motor |24.

Air under pressure will be supplied to the diaphragm chamber 44 until sufficient pressure is built up to either deflect the springs |92 and |94 or to compress slightly the solid top of the spring assembly, depending upon the setting of the throttling spring assembly. When sucient pressure has been supplied to deect said spring members or to compress the top of the assembly, the nut 19 will be moved toward the left as viewed in Figure 1, permitting the valve 59 to close. Should then a drop in temperature occur in the duct to cause the tube 29 to contract, the rod 24 will be moved toward the left as viewed in Figure 1 and the bushing 59 will be moved toward the left. Movement of the bushing toward the left will permit the spring assembly 99 lto move toward its normal position whereupon air pressure on the diaphragm 14 will move it toward the left to open the X- haust valve at the seat 66 whereupon the pressure in the diaphragm chamber will bleed out along the operating stem inasmuch as there is a space between said stem and the exhaust valve body as shown at |34. Inasmuch as the pressure is bled to the atmosphere (within the cover H9) the pressure will drop in the pipe |26 to control member |24 and valve ||6 will open, whereupon steam will be supplied from the inlet to the coil |29 causing the temperature of the air in the duct to Abe raised. Raising the temperature will then cause the tube 29 to expand moving the rod 24 tothe right as viewed in Figure l `to again open the valve 50 and close the valve 54, the diaphragm moving toward its normal position through nut 19. Air under pressure will then be supplied to the control vmember |24 to move the valve 9 toward the closed position.

The throttling spring assembly 96 is the means by which the sensitivity of the device is varied. Further, it is noted that the action to .deflect the `springs |92 and |04, or to compress the top of the spring assembly, is in a straight line, there being no intermediate levers or other mechanism so that there is no lost motion or deflection 1 of any zmember :which cannot `be controlled.

By rotating the adjusting screw 94 in a clockwise direction, toward G, the boss |08 is moved away from the top of the assembly, that is, is moved toward the position where the cantilever beam is the longest, thus the deflection of the springs is the greatest.

Assuming a balanced condition of the control, namely, where the valves 50 and 64 are closed and assuming a rise in temperature to open the valve 50 permitting pressure to be supplied to the diaphragm chamber 44, in the event the least sensitivity is desired, the screw 94 is moved in a clockwise direction where the boss |08 is at the lowest point of the slots |06. This establishes the condition where there is less pressure change needed in the chamber 44 to close the supply valve 50, that is, the deflection of the members |02 and |04 arethe greatest. In this position of the duct thermostat there is the shortest amount oi travel of the control motor |24 for any given change of temperature. ThisI minimizes hunting, or cycling as would be caused by that condition where there is an appreciable amount of time lag between the time the valve position is changed and the time the resultant temperature is felt at the thermostat tube 20.

Movement of the screw 94 in a counter-clockwise direction where the boss |08 is at the top point of the slots |06, that is, overlying the solid portion of the assembly establishes the condition of greatest sensitivity, that is, more pressure change is needed in the chamber 44 to close the supply valve 50, therefore, there will be longer travel of the operating member |24. This setting is valuable where there are great temperature changes at the entrance of the duct ||2 but a small time lag exists between the time the valve is changed and the result of the change is felt at tube 20.

Intermediate positions of the assembly of the throttling spring assembly vary the pressure conditions necessary in the diaphragm chamber 44 to close the exhaust valve 50, or in `other words, intermediate sensitivities are obtained between the two extreme positions of the spring assembly;

It is to be understood that we do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown, which are merely by way of illustration an'd not limitation, as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

We claim:

1. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber, a diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, said base mounting having a supply valve chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, a supply and exhaust valve body in said mounting interposed between said chambers and having a bore therethrough through which said chambers are in communication, said exhaust valve body having a supply valve seat in said supply valve chamber, a supply valve disposed in said supply valve chamber, resilient means urging said valve to seated position, whereby when said valve is seated communication between said chambers is cut off, an exhaust valve connected with said supply valve for movement therewith, an exhaust valve body movable with said diaphragm and providing a seat for said exhaust valve, movement of the diaphragm toward the exhaust valve causing closing of the'exhaust valve, movement of the diaphragm away from the exhaust valve causing opening thereof, said exhaust valve body having a bore therethrough communicating with the atmosphere when the exhaust valve is open whereby said diaphragm chamber is connected to atmosphere when said exhaust valve is open, said base mounting having a supply tting communieating with said supply valve chamber and a control fitting communicating with said diaphragm chamber, a temperature sensitive expansible tube connected at one end tosaid base mounting and closed at the opposite end, a nonexpansible member disposed in said tube and connected at one end to the closed end of said tube, an operating stem connected to the other end of said non-expansible member for relative movement with respect thereto, said stem extending through said base mounting, said valves and said diaphragm, and being provided with a bushing secured to said stem, and means of` varying exibility interposed between said diaphragm and bushing and movable with respect to said bushing for selectively and variably resisting movement of said bushing by said tube.

2. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chainbpr, an exhaust valve member communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve movable with said supply valve and opening and closing said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansible mem-- stat.

3. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member movable with said diaphragm and communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve adapted to seat on said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said -diaphragm'and exhaust valve, said control'me'ans including' a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansible member movable by the expansible member,- mea-ns of `select-ive and variable resistarlce for resisting expansionof said expansible member, and means `carried by said non-expansible member adjustable to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the `sensitivity `of said thermostat.

4. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member movable with said diaphragm and communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve movable with said supply valve and adapted lto seat on said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansible member movable by the expansible member, means of selective and variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansible member, and means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat.

5. In a thermostat. the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber,

resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere'said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat. an exhaust valve for said exhaust valve se'at for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve,v said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a nonexpansible member' movable by the e'xpan'sible member, means of selective and variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansibl'e member, and means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable and operative in' alignment with said non-expansible member and said valves to vary the compression between .said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat.

6. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and asupply cham-ber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said' supply chamber and a control passage tosaid diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, re-

1'0 silient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve member communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhausting valve member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve movable with said supply valve for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member `secured to said base mounting, a nonexpansible member movable by the expansible member, means of selective and variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansible member, means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable and operative in alignment with said non-expansible member and said valves to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat,

7. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supplyrchamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member movable with said diaphragm and communicating with said diaphragm chamber and Y atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve adapted to seat on said exhaust valve seat .for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansible member movable by the expansible member, means of selective and variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansible member and means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable and operative in alignment with said non-expansible member and said valves to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat.

8. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber,

resilient means for urging said valve to closed f phragm chamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature' sensitive expansible member secured toA saidbase mounting, a non-expansible member movable by the expansible member,

means of selective and variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansible member, means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable and operative in alignment with said non-expansible member and said valves to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat.

9. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having ya, control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for'controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member movable with said diaphragm andY communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve movable with said supply valve and adapted to seat on said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphrag-mchamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a nonexpansible member movable by the expansible member, an adjustable member movably connected to said non-expansible member and disposed in alignment therewith and adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and resilient means of selectable and variable resilience interposed between said diaphragm and adjustable member for resisting movement of said non-expansible member to thereby variably transmit the movement of said expansible member to said diaphragm.

10. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve for said exhaust Valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a noneXpansi-ble member movable by the expansible member, an adjustable member movably connected to said non-expansible member and disposed in alignment therewith and adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and resilient means of selectable and variable resilience interposed between said diaphragm and adjustable member for resisting movement of said non-expansible member to thereby variably .transmit the movement of said expansible member to said diaphragm.

11. VIn a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said vmounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and said mounting having a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for Vcontrolling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member movable with said diaphragm and ,communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve adapted to seat on said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm andexhaust valve, said control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansible member movable by the expansible member, an adjustable member movably connected tosaid non-expansible member and disposed in alignment therewith and adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and resilient means of selectable and variable resilience interposed between said diaphragm and adjustable member for resisting movement of said non-expansible member to thereby variably transmit the movement of said expansible member to said diaphragm.

mounting having a diaphragm chamber anda supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said sup-ply chamber and a control passage to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, anexhaust valve seat member communicating with said diaphragm chamber and atmosphere, said exhaust valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve for said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, control means for controlling operation of ksaid diaphragm and exhaust valve, said control means including a temperature Sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, anonexpansible member movable by the expansible member, an adjustable member movably connected to said non-expansible member and disposed in alignment therewith and adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and resilient means of selectable and variable resilience interposed between said diaphragm and adjustable member for resisting movement of said nonexpansible member to thereby variably transmit the movement of said expansible member to said 50 diaphragm, and means whereby said adjustable member is relatively moved with respect to said non-expansible member for obtaining wide limits of calibration of the thermostat.

13. In a thermostat, the combination of a base mounting having a diaphragm chamber and a supply chamber spaced from and communicating with said diaphragm chamber, said mounting having a supply passage to said supply chamber and a control passage'to said diaphragm chamber, a supply valve for controlling supply from said supply chamber to said diaphragm chamber, resilient means for urging said valve to closed position, a diaphragm closing said diaphragm chamber, an exhaust valve seat member com- 75, municating with said diaphragm chamber and l2. In a thermostat, the combination of a baseV atmosphere, said exhaust Valve seat member having an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust Valve for said exhaust valve seat for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, and control means for controlling operation of said diaphragm and exhaust valve for controlling exhaust from said diaphragm chamber to atmosphere, said last named control means including a temperature sensitive expansible member secured to said base mounting, a non-expansble l0 14 member movable by the expansible member, means of selective variable resistance for resisting expansion of said expansible member, and means carried by said non-expansible member adjustable to vary the compression between said last named means and said means of variable resistance for varying the sensitivity of said thermostat.

ERWIN SABALLUS.

CARL WM. FISCHER. 

